EMPOWERMENT FOR COMMUNITIES, ORGS, SUSTAINABLE START-UPS AND COMPANIES

WORKSHOP

CoPRototyping is a "toolkit" of methods and concepts from the industry, product development, and psychology: Design Thinking, Systems Thinking, Lean Startup, Agile, Root-Cause Analysis, Cognitive Biases, Frugal Engineering, Creative Mindfulness, Team Building etc.

During my workshop, the participants orchestrate these methods within a creative process to develop a testable prototype as a proposed solution to a problem from their daily lives, teams, or professions.

To date, I have conducted more than 30 CoPRototyping workshops, giving me the chance to continuously develop my intuition to select the right tools for a specific team and situation.

The creative and entertaining nature of the workshop creates a psychological safe space, stimulates out-of-the-box thinking, and ignites team spirit as well as shared growth on emotional and rational levels.

It empowers citizens, communities, organizations, and sustainable businesses to address their specific concerns and "wicked problems".

Book a workshop for your team, organization, school, or company via hi@1769.eu.

CoP

A community of practice (CoP) is a community that practices something together.

Its members have common interests and goals. Together they find solutions to problems, exchange knowledge, learn by doing, collect implicit experience, support each other and have fun together.

This shapes common identity, strengthens collective intelligence and empowers civic communities. See also Étienne Wenger.

A PROTOTYPING CoP

A prototype can be any testable attempt to solve a specific problem: a product, a service, an experience, a startup, an activist group, a method, a technology, a strategy, a scientific study, a PR stunt, a campaign, a policy, a petition, a piece of art, a meme or even a movement!

Anything that helps tackle problems and achieve goals!

INCLUSIVENESS

CoPRototyping is inclusive and inviting.

Members of a CoP can be newbies, observers, learners, students, testers, makers, hackers, tinkerers, hobbyists, laypeople, autodidacts, experts, team leads, project managers, marketing managers, scientists, engineers, designers, developers, dropouts, career jumpers, employees, colleagues, retirees, visionairs, advisers, supporters, facilitators, fundraisers, investors, partners, stakeholders, competitors, collaborators, customers, or anyone who just wants to join. CoPRototyping promotes cross-functional teams. This is the Co (Co-creation/Co-design) of CoPRototyping.

The inclusive character and low-threshold access, in particular for laypeople, amateurs, dropouts and citizens with low budget, makes CoPRototyping an unbureaucratic, flexible, dynamic and low-cost alternative to conventional, scientific and industrial prototyping, where required expertise, titles and salaries are limiting.

Individuals, neighbours, startups, businesses, organizations, NGOs and universities can join the CoP, so it may become a stimulating exchange hub between such entities.

To smooth onboarding, a newbie can have a buddy from the CoP who would tell him or her everything about the CoP, the prototype, the state of the art, future goals, etc. The newbie feels comfortable and welcome.

Problem bearers are explicitly invited to participate in CoPRototyping to solve their problems. They know their problems and pain points inside out and are most motivated to find solutions. They are ideally suited to find solutions if they use the right tools and receive support.

VIRTUAL CoP (vCoP)

Members can participate from anywhere, when the CoP meets online via chat, video conferencing, hybrid-meeting or augmented reality. Members share videos, images and documentation with the rest of the vCoP and the world.

AVATARING

Avataring means that a member (the avatar) with few or without practical skills is guided by a more skilled member (the flight controller) remotely. The avatar uses a head mounted camera and headphones to listen to the instructions of the flight controller, who sees everything the avatar looks at in real time. This is possible even in remote regions because of improved satellite internet with low latency. The avatar can fulfill complex tasks, such as building a prototype or doing troubleshooting, following the instructions given by the flight controller. The avatar learns by doing. No expert needs to travel to the in-situ location of the prototype.

GROUP DEVELOPMENT

A CoP may walk through the 5 stages of group development (Bruce Tuckman), a process where emotional challenges and conflict may arise between members, but which can be mitigated methodically to help the CoP to find back to harmony and productivity.

Members of a CoP can have any level of engagement. Occasionally, as a hobbyist, or up to fully professional, for example as a project manager, once the CoP has reached the financial means.

A CoP may or may not choose to have team leads, a core team or a sociocratic group structure or becoming a sustainable business.

MINDFULNESS

Mindfulness can help members of a CoP to improve empathy and listen attentively to their peers and identify their problems and worries. Introspection helps to understand their own situation. In criminal interrogation techniques, empathy leads to better results. Empathizing is the first step in the design thinking process (see below), where designers gather insights into users' needs, motivations, and problems. See also Mindfulness for Beginners by Jon Kabat-Zinn.

Creative mindfulness fosters a state of non-judgmental observation and cultivates a "Shoshin" (beginner's mind) attitude while analysing problems and creating solutions. It helps to calm the mind, prevent bias, encourage wilder ideas, overcome creative blocks, lower attachment to the outcome, learn from mistakes, fail fast and stay objective instead of becoming defensive. While Design Thinking and Lean Startup (see below) provide a structured framework, creative mindfulness ensures mental clarity for innovation.

FLOW

To make performance and productivity more fluid and enjoyable conditions should be created, to favour flow state. Therefore, over-challenge and under-challenge should be avoided. Also read Mihály Csíkszentmihályi.

BRAINWAVES

Brainwaves are rhythmic patterns of electrical signals generated by communicating neurons: gamma, beta, alpha, theta, and delta waves (ranging from 30 to 4 Hz). Throughout the CoPRototyping lifecycle or any problem-solving process, we shift between various mental states and their corresponding brainwave frequencies. It is important to understand which activities trigger specific mental states and brainwave patterns, and how to compose them into a sequence to enrich the creative process. The right balance of brainwaves is also important for our mental health, and well-being. Regular meditation, breathwork, and structured sleep schedules are therefore helpful.

PROBLEMS

Problems in your team, project or protoype need to be discovered, understood.. defined! Or not?

Stakeholder interviews, questionnaires, Root cause analysis, 5 Whys, Appreciative inquiries, 5W2H, FTA, FMEA, 8D, Ishikawa diagrams, Why–because analysis, Causal mapping, Pareto charts, etc. may help to dig deeper to your pain points and identify the root causes of a problem, rather then just symptoms.

Some problems remain "wicked" — that is, highly complex or subject to constant change: no clear definition can be found; solutions are neither true nor false, or cannot be verified due to circular causality (feedback loops); solutions create new problems; no solutions can be identified at all due to incomplete, contradictory, and shifting requirements; stakeholders hold radically different views on the matter; or seemingly irrational motives nourish problems. See Rittel and Webber's (1973) formulation regarding "wicked problems" in social policy. Since so-called "wicked problems" are complex issues with no single cause, they cannot be solved using conventional, linear engineering approaches.

Strategies for addressing wicked problems can include: Systems Thinking (identifying causes, side effects and leverage points, also see Systemic therapy and Systemic coaching for behavioral and cultural dynamics and relationships), Design Thinking (user-centered, empathy, rapid prototyping), participatory governance (user-centered conflict resolution), Gemba Walks, continuous development (Lean Startup, Agile, constant course correction), the Issue-based information system (IBIS), TRIZ, a Current reality tree and the Theory of Constraints (TOC) (later for complicated mechanical, operational, or logical problems, see also TOC Thinking Processes).

Miracle Question vs. 5 Whys

Root cause analysis can lead to finger-pointing, defensiveness, and helplessness. In contrast, the "Miracle Question" is a technique that doesn't care so much about finding or defining the root problem but rather envisions a positive future in which the current problem has already been resolved and activating resources to achieve a defined goal. It is a matter of being solution-oriented vs. problem-oriented. However, combining it with root cause analysis can be very powerful.

Systemic Whys vs. 5 Whys

Circular questions relate to human interactions as a cycle of actions and reactions (feedback loops). Those questions can be about relationships (between persons, departments, etc.), perspectives (e.g. from externals), on differences (e.g. between persons, projects, periods of time), or hypothetical futures (What if..?), etc. Circular questions disrupt pointed or linear mindsets, drawing a perimeter around the whole system. This uncovers blind spots on human dynamics. Taking the perspective of someone else helps to develop empathy and acts as a cognitive bridge to emotional understanding. First map out the landscape of issues and then combine with the 5 Whys to drill down into a technical, structural or behavioral root cause. Important is to put the focus on the systemic vulnerability, not on the individual culpability. It shifts the dynamic from team vs. team to teams vs. problem. Norman Kerth's Project Retrospective Prime Directive can be helpful:

"Regardless of what we discover, we understand and truly believe that everyone did the best job they could, given what they knew at the time, their skills and abilities, the resources available, and the situation at hand."

Cultivating problems

Problems are sometimes cultivated, instrumentalized, protected, and maintained as a "secondary gain". A problem can foster identity and social bonds, justify scapegoats, balance out power and status, shield from superior expectations, ensure homeostasis and status quo (comfort zone) or even defense against burnout. In other words: some problems are the solutions to other problems. The "Miracle Question" can reveal cultivated problems, for example when team members react to it with defensiveness or silence.

How to deal with a problem? Deny, ignore, over/underestimate, bias, cultivate or analyze it? Make friends, focus on the solution, and kiss goodbye!

RISKS

CITIZEN SCIENCE

CoPRototyping follows a Do It Together and Citizen Science approach instead of Do It Yourself (DIY) in order to increase solidarity and productivity in working on the prototype the CoP has chosen to develop.

Learning by doing prototyping: Each member brings or learns skills needed for developing the prototype or parts of it (Lifelong Learning). Members learn from eachother (Open knowledge). Every member is teacher and learner at the same time.

OPEN SOURCE

Open source principles promote knowledge exchange and the creation of mutually supportive communities. A CoPRototying prototype is open source hardware and software, accessible and easy to copy by any citizen in the world: It provides easy to follow instructables on how to assemble the minimal viable product prototype, making it understandable for laypeople. The CoP encourage copycats to copy the prototype by even providing technical and troubleshooting support. Ideas and innovations copied from others can inspire your own creations and be passed on. In contrast to the secrecy and the Red tape of Copyright, "ideas ping-pong" helps society to grow and accelerate sustainable development.

MINIMALISM

Minimalism, keeping things simple, low-tech and low-cost following the principle "As much low-tech as possible, as little high-tech as needed." Also see "Doing more with less" (Ephemeralization) by Buckminster Fuller, Less is more by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and the principle of Keep it simple, stupid! (KISS). Read books such as The Laws of Simplicity by John Maeda and Small Is Beautiful by Ernst Friedrich Schumacher. We can understand CoPRototyping as Reverse Innovation and Frugal Engineering. Related terms are Jugaad, Gambiarra, Système D, Zanshin Engineering and Permatech. Those may play a role in ICT4D (Information and Communication Technologies for Development) and Appropriate Technology/Digitalization

Lean low-tech leapfrogs legacy!

MODULARITY

Complexity should be broken down into simpler and less tight coupled modules to promote replaceability, flexibility, interchangeability, testability, maintainability, reusability and scalability. See also modularity and seperation of concerns.

The members of the CoP structure their development and manufacturing process and share the workload by assigning tasks to each other, for example by doing sprint planning with Scrum or Kanban or following the principles of Agile and Six Sigma.

They frequently meet (online) to discuss goals, requirements, acceptance criteria, features, todos, milestones, retrospectives and troubleshootings of the prototype.

SHODH YATRA

Shodh Yatra (the hindi word for research trip) can be applied: A CoP can walk around and ask people about innovations and life hacks they've come up with to solve their specific problems. The collected knowledge is then processed to make it available and accessible to everyone, even those without internet or electricity: the cross-fertilization of knowledge. See the Honeybee Network by Anil K. Gupta.

ZUKUNFTSWERKSTATT

It is designed to empower "ordinary citizens" to collaboratively solve social problems and creatively envision a better future, rather than leaving planning solely to experts and those in power. Read Zukunftswerkstatt by Robert Jungk, Rüdiger Lutz und Norbert R. Müllert.

PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH (PAS)

CoPs can do PAS. The research approach emphasizes participation where those affected by problems become co-researchers. Read more about Participatory action research.

UX

Storytelling, customer journeys, hero journeys, personas, mood boards and roleplaying can be used to make the user experiance (UX) and context of a prototype more exciting.

DESIGN THINKING

To initiate CoPRototyping or to target specific issues during the process, Design Thinking can be applied. It is a method that helps us to understand our fellow human beings (emphasize), to analyze their problems and needs (define), to activate our creativity (ideate) and to find solutions (prototype > test). It is essential that the problem-bearers participate in design thinking sessions, in order to help all stakeholders to understand very well the problems and root-problems to be resolved. See also Change by Design by Tim Brown.

Complementary to Design Thinking can be the Disney Method by Robert Dilts. The winning idea from an ideate or prototype phase, can be passed on to the "Dreamer" to amplify it, the "Realist" to build it, and the "Critic" to stress-test it. This, in turn, can be a step taken before handing over to the Build-Measure-Learn loop (see below).

In Design Thinking often post-its are used to map and cluster problems, ideas and resources. Instead of post-its small sculptures can be made from craft materials such as clay, lego, cardboard and rubbish. Similar is Lego Serious Play where three-dimensional models of ideas are build and stories are told. It increases engagement, stimulates creativity and the translation of abstract concepts into physical metaphors. Its success depends on skilled facilitation, while by some criticized as superficial corporate theater.

IDEATE

When starting the "ideas factory" for a new prototype or when solving a problem, it can be fun and helpful to immerse yourself in a fantasy world so as not to be limited by resources and (mental) constraints. You can adopt or even rollplay superhero personalities and invent your superpowers — such as that of a magician or illusionist (observing others' attention, using tricks, travel in time), a detective (lateral thinking, intuition), a millionaire (no financial limits), a scientist (observation, hypothesis formation, testing, and verification), a Buddha (non-judgmental observation), a baby ("beginner's mind", shoshin), a kid (no fear of being unproductive or violating social norms), a clown (not afraid to be ridiculous), an AI (being like AlphaGo "Move 37"), or an alien (strange, unfamiliar). Try putting forward even "stupid" or "crazy" ideas, as they might contain a grain of truth that gets filtered out later in the process.

DIVERGENT/CONVERGENT

The ability to switch between divergent and convergent thinking can be helpful during ideation and prototype development. It is a question of circularity and the right frequency between different modes of thought or even states of consciousness. Divergent thinking may be associated with terms such as playful, dreaming, adventure, experimenting, open mind, progressive, pioneer, liberal, diverse, shoshin, unlimited, risk, crazy, mutation. Convergent thinking in contrast rather relates to terms such as serious, save, strict, conservative, master, optimum, efficient, perfectionism, focus, sorting out, selection. Both are necessary in the evolution of prototypes or life forms. The mind is like a muscle. It requires relaxation and tension in the right rhythm in order to stay alive. Compare to Double Diamond.

PROTOYPE

Prototype means "primitive form" or "raw form" in Greek. Giving an idea a raw form is prototyping. An idea must be communicated unequivocally to be understood. While a description can work, it depends on the listener's imagination and can lead to misunderstandings. Better is to materialize the idea as a tangible object, allowing it to enter the physical world. Therefore materials are required: A butter dish lid and a bouncy ball could be the first prototype for a computer mouse. Cardboard, modeling clay, Lego, drinking straws, masking tape, wooden blocks, plastic bottles, and trash in general are suitable. Computer-aided design (CAD) is used to render 3D objects, as "imagination" of computers. A prototype is not only a materialized idea for a useful object or concept, but also a communication medium, to reach consensus on the idea. Language makes words. Words are used to align our world models (imagination) with the real world. When creating a new word for a new object, we must first perceive that object. It is a collective process. In CoPRototyping CoP stands for Community of Practice. The CoP creates a prototype. The members walk around the prototype and perceive it from different viewpoints. They exchange their unique observations and iteratively materialize their shared idea.

There are different concepts arround prototyping: Rapid prototyping, Low/High-fidelity prototyping, Functional prototyping, Paper prototyping, Throwaway prototyping, Evolutionary prototyping, Incremental prototyping, Software prototyping, Virtual prototyping, etc.

LEAN

Since the prototype is not developed in a secret lab, but rather observable in real time on social media, anyone anywhere can participate in the CoP/vCoP, can give feedback, do user testing, make questions and proposals, express needs, troubles and ideas. The prototype is developed by its users! This generates valuable insights from the early beginning. It promotes short feedback loops: build-measure-learn. See The Lean Startup by Eric Ries. It allows the prototype to be adjusted quickly to needs and demands. The R&D process becomes lean by reducing waste (Muda) and the risk of dead ends (Waterfall). As part of Kaizen (japanese for improvement), Gemba Walks (Go to the real place) help to understand isssus on its location. Questions are asked and people on site are listened to. See also Lean Manufacturing.

VIABILITY

The prototype must be checked for feasibility and viability, e.g. by SWOT. Effort and quality control can be optimized through methods such as Priority Matrix, Eisenhower Matrix, Pareto principle and other best practices.

FAIL FAST

The prototype is aimed to reach a Minimum viable state in order to make it testable ASAP. It follows the principle of Fail fast.

TEST

Various tests can be carried out on the prototype: User tests, A/B Tests, Unit testing, Test-Driven Development (TDD) and Benchmarking

WEAK

Every system and prototype has weak points and bottlenecks. Eliyahu M. Goldratt's Theory of Constraints (TOC) sais you must focus on fixing the main constraint. Improving other parts is no so important. "A chain is no stronger than its weakest link". See also Drum-Buffer-Rope (DBR), Critical chain project management and Throughput Accounting. One way to spot weak points is "inversion" to bypasses the brain's natural optimism bias by making questions such as "How do we make customers hate us?" and "How do we guarantee this project fails horribly?". Carl Jacobi said: "Invert, always invert."

BIASES

Cognitive biases are a primary cause of wrong assumptions. Examples are Confirmation bias or anchors. In volunteer-based CoPs, an overestimation bias or overconfidence effect can severely jeopardize projects if passion and goodwill are not aligned with available time resources. Our society generally suffers from distraction biases caused by overchoice and FOMO. Member motivation shifts rapidly, driven by a cultural surfeit of options, career paths, lifestyle choices and social media triggers. This makes compromises and commitment to CoPs more difficult and superficial. High member fluctuation and motivation shifts make knowledge retention and team building structure to a challenge. Also read Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman

MENTAL BLOCKS

Mental blocks can arise from rigid and inflexible cultures (within companies or public authorities). New ideas are crushed or delayed by excessive approval processes, bureaucracy, administrative hurdles, strict hierarchies, Silo Mentality, the "Not-Invented-Here" syndrome, the Success Trap, Loss Aversion Bias, and Groupthink.

Creativity can be inhibited by intimidation and a lack of self-confidence caused by excessively rigid social norms, finger-pointing, scapegoating, bullying, toxic team dynamics, and a lack of Psychological Safety.

Mental blocks, such as Functional fixedness and the Einstellung effect can block creative problem-solving, thinking outside the box and lateral thinking when prototyping. To overcome these biases, it helps to cultivate a "beginner's mind" (Shoshin), for instance, through meditation by training the mind to observe situations without preconceptions.

FALSIFIABILITY

To counteract misleading assumptions, mental blocks and fallacies, a falsification mindset can be helpful in actively questioning one's own beliefs, theories, ideas, and possible Groupthink within a CoP. "Inverse thinking" or a pre-mortem analysis can be carried out in advance of a project or prototype. It helps strike the balance between Status quo bias, an irrational preference of the comfort zone, and Pro-innovation bias, a tendency to overvalue new ideas and experiments while overlooking the merits of existing and traditional approaches. You also can do a Reversal test.

AGILE

Once assumptions have been proved or disproved through the development of a prototype or Minimal Viable Product (MVP) within the "Build-Measure-Learn" cycle, the next step can be an agile phase to further develop and scale the prototype into a solution (e.g. a product).

Agile is a philosophy for project management and software development in which value is created through small, incremental sprints rather than a single, comprehensive rollout (Waterfall model). See also Agile Manifesto. Agile is frequently implemented using Scrum or Kanban.

CONTINUITY

The prototype development process follows the principles of continous integration / development / deployment / delivery (CI/CD).This applies not only to software development, but to prototyping and development in general. Thus, the prototype will always remain a prototype.

This text itself can be considered a prototype that will be continually improved and updated. Refresh this page regularly. Feel free to suggest content that should be added to or removed from this text or become a co-author. Thank you! Write to hi@1769.eu

BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

An open source prototype may be forked by companies to develop freemium versions. Companies can develop an open-source business model around the prototype. They can offer services and products such as installation, maintenance, technical support, customisations, consulting, coaching, selling building parts/sets etc.

Companies can send their employees to join the CoP to bring in and take out know-how and to get access to the CoP's network.

Companies will find talent within the CoP. Talent acquisition is critical in order to face skill shortage nowadays.

Members of a CoP might become employed by a company for instance to develop a freemium version, because they have the vision and expertise. This can be attractive to career jumpers and autodidacts, who cannot or do not want to pursue an university career.

CoPRotoyping can be initiated, sponsored or supported by companies, schools, universities and nonprofit organizations in order to stimulate and promote the visibility of their business, education, science or charity.

Companies and institutions can contribute by lending tools and equipment and, most importantly, sharing their know-how.

Early adopters might detect and face issues because of the immaturity of a prototype and help to troubleshoot. They participate in the CoPRototyping process by expressing their needs. They give valuable feedback and insights to the CoP. They may pay for a freemium version at some point later and become future customers. This should motivate companies to sponsor the CoP to develop open-source prototypes.

TRANSPARENCY

Potential investors and promoters can observe the R&D process and progress of the prototype, because it's fully transparent. This creates trust and motivation to make an investment or otherwise support.

PR

Since the CoPRototyping is transparent and well documented on social media and integrates in local and global communities, followers and early adaptors spread the word of mouth. This creates visibility, a powerful marketing effect kicks in. It creates attention, communication and engagement. Prototyping and public relations become one thing. This is the PR of CoPRototyping.

LEGAL

CoPs doing CoPRototyping can be organized as a non-profit organization, cooperative or social enterprise.

FUNDING

The CoP may accept donations, public funding by governmental or educational entities or private sponsoring and funding by companies and investors.

EDUCATION

Educators can join a CoP to find subjects and materials within their prototype. The prototype can be an object for applied and interdisciplinary learning and experimentation for scholars and students.

IMPACT

CoPRototyping follows the principles of Business ethics, Values-based Innovation, Corporate social responsibility Circular economy, recycling, upcycling and the Right to Repair to achieve greater sustainability and resilience.

To do impact planning and measurement a CoP can do use (in combination) the Theory of Change, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Systems. Large organizations do Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) or the RIS+ Metrics (system to measure, manage, and optimize social and environmental impact).

To communicate impact standards such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are useful.

Inspiring can be the Important/Neglected/Tractable (ITN) framework, a tool used by effective altruists to evaluate and prioritize global problems and charitable causes

Counterproductive strategies such as Planned obsolescence and Vendor lock-in must be avoided. See also Failure by Arjun Appadurai (I have been teaching his son 😁) and Neta Alexander.

Hacktivists can join the CoP to co-develop a sustainable and open source prototype to contribute to a fair, circular and collaborative economical system.

PURPOSE

I saw a sticker on a someones suitcase on the M41 Bus in Berlin: "Deutsches Empowerment Institut". The word "empowerment" caught my eye and I googled it. The suitcase was owned by René Märtin, a logotherapist, coach, supervisor, and author. His institution offers training in leadership, empowerment, and values ​development. His work is inspired by Viktor E. Frankl and his Logotherapy and Existenzanalyse that describes the search for a life's meaning as the central human motivational force - even during times of crisis. Creating a sense of purpose, responsibility, and seeing humans as humans and not as human resources leads to greater psychological resilience, reduced burnout, stronger innovative capacity, and higher employee retention. The idea of empowerment is participation, ownership, self-determination and allowing people to love what they do and to do what they love. Does your prototype or project really make sense, for you and for the world?

EMPOWERMENT

Let's take fate into our hands!

You may well be the most suitable person or team to help yourself, for two reasons:
1. You are most motivated to overcome your problems.
2. You know the problems of your daily life inside out. You can only solve them if you know them.

With the right tool-box, you are invincible!

Citizens, neighbors, kids, students, friends and families: Start your CoPs! Do CoPRototyping! Don't hand over all your worries and problems to politicians, corporations, saviours and their beautiful promises. Because often you can help yourself with your strong community and everyones powerful tools. Tools that are proven to work, otherwise companies wouldn't use them.

You can develop all kind of prototypes and problem-solving strategies yourself efficiently or fork some and build custom versions for your specific needs and circumstances.

CoPs when doing CoPRototying share costs, effort, know-how, revenue and - above all - fun. They become more self-sufficient, reduce expenses, become part of a global, collaborative network, become more decentralized, more independent from lock-ins, global supply chains and monopolies. CoPs achieve resilience.

CoPRototyping is R&D for sustainable innovation. Participate in an open, collaborative, participative, circular, fair and free market!